Umlando wezitho zokhula waphulukana akuzali ekhaya lomthandazo okanye ekhaya lomthandazo, kodwa ekhaya labantu abalindelekileyo neziphelo zaseRenaissance eItalia. Iziqalo zokubhala zezitho zokhula zibonakalise kwi 15th inkqubo yeminyaka emazantsi eItalia, ezi ndawo zifana neMilano, Ferrara, kunye neBologna. Zisetshenziswa ukuyidlala iqhinga lezitho zokhula.

Iziqalo ezingcono zasezitho zokhula zasezantsi zisetshenziswa ngabantu abalindelekileyo abaninzi. Iziqalo zaseVisconti-Sforza, ezakhiwa ngeminyaka ephakathi kwakho 1440 ukuya 1450 ukuze zisebenze kwi mfuno yabantu abalawulelayo baseMilano, zilapho ezinye zezitho zokhula ezithi zikhangeleke kakhulu zikhona. Ezi zitho zisetshenziswa ngabantu abalindelekileyo, zibhalwe ngokukhuthaza, zifanele ukuba zisetshenziswe ngabantu abaninzi. Iziqalo zafaka izithombe ezibonakalisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzisa iinkolo zaseKristu, iinkolo zaseKlasikhi, kunye neenkqubo zokuhlala kwabantu baseNtshonalanga naseRenaissance.

Kufuneka siqonde ukuba ezi zitho zokhula zasezantsi azinawo namhlanje okanye inkolo yokubona okungenani. Zisetshenziswa njengesitho sokhula, zifana ngokupheleleyo, zisetshenziswa ukuzonwabisa ngendlela efana nebridge okanye iipoker. Iqhinga le linxulumene iqhinga lezitho ezinye ezinamalungelo angama-56 (efana neziqalo zokhula ezisetshenziswa ngoku) kunye neqela elinye elinamalungelo angama-22 ezithuthukiswe, ezaziwa ngokuba ngu"trionfi" (izithunzi). Ezi zitho zokhula zasezantsi zithi zibe yiMajor Arcana, kodwa ekwakho zisetshenziswa njengesitho esiphezulu sokhula sokwenza iqhinga.

Ukubonakalisa kwakho kwakho kwakho ezi zitho zokhula zasezantsi zasebenzisa ngokukhuthaza iinkqubo zokuhlala kwabantu baseRenaissance eItalia. Iinkqubo zokulwa, izithombe ezibonakalisa izinto ezilungileyo, kunye nezinto ezilungileyo zokhula, zisetshenziswa ngokubanzi. Izithombe ezifana nePope, neEmperor, neWheel of Fortune, kunye neDeath zibonakalisa iinkolo nezinto ezilungileyo zaleso sikhathi. Nangona ezi zitho zithi zisetshenziswe ngoku ukuze zibonakale kakhulu, ukusebenzisa kwazo kwakhe kwakhe kwakhe kwakhe kwakhe.

Ngeminyaka ephakathi kwakho 16th kunye ne-17th, izitho zokhula zasezantsi zaphulukana ekuqaleni kwakho eItalia ukuya eFulansi, eSwitzerland, eAustria, kunye neJalimani. Iqhinga lezitho zokhula lishicilele kwaye lishicilele kwaye lishicilele kwaye lishicilele kwaye lishicilele kwaye lishicilele. Imihlaba eliphambili yale mihlaba yale mithombo yale mithombo yale mithombo yale mithombo yale mithombo yale mithombo.

I-Tarot de Marseille yabhalisela isakhiwo se-78-card esisebenzayo ngoku: ama-22 Major Arcana (okanye “atouts” ngesiFrentshi) kwaye ama-56 Minor Arcana azivisiwe ngezo zinto zine. I-Major Arcana yaba neenkcukacha ezinzima, ezifana neenkcukacha zaseWoodcut, nenzaliseko ezinamandla kwaye nezithombe ezinobunzima. I-Minor Arcana, kodwa, yasebenzisa izinto ezimbalwa ezifana nezo zibonakalisa inani elilandelayo sezo zinto zesisu (amasu, izintonga, izibhamu, okanye iikhoeni) ngaphandle kokubonakalisa izithombe ezinento. Oku kwakunceda ukuba iikhoeni zomsebenzi weMinor Arcana zingabonakaliyo ngokwaneleyo, okuyokuba yinto engenanto ekuncedeni abaqhubi abasebenzisa uMthetho weMarseille.

Ngeli xesha, i-tarot yaba yinto ekhula ngokupheleleyo njengezinto zokudlala iikhoeni. Zikhona izazululo ezithile zokuba iikhoeni zisetshenziswa ukukhuthaza okanye ukubala izinto ezizayo kusuka kwiveki ephakathi kwesithathu kwelivelaphi, kodwa ezi zibonakala njengezinto ezithile kunye neentlobo ezilawulwa. Kwakungakungangekanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwakungakungangekanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwakungakungangekanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwakungakungangekanga ngokupheleleyo.

Iintlobo zaseNdiya kunye neMarseille ziqhubeka nokuthinta i-tarot ngoku. Ezinye zezinkululeko ezininzi, ikakhulu ezivela eYurophu, zisebenzisa uMthetho weMarseille. Abaqhubi abasebenzisa uMthetho weMarseille babona indlela yokubhala ehlukileyo ekukhuthazeni, ehluthaza kakhulu ekubhaleni ngeenombolo, ukusombulula okubonakalayo, kunye nokubhekisa kwizithombe, ngoba iikhoeni zomsebenzi weMinor Arcana azinabo izithombe eziphuhlisa njengezinkululeko ezifana nezo zaseRider-Waite-Smith.

Isikhathi esibalulekileyo ekuthini i-tarot iphumelele njengezinto zokudlala iikhoeni ukuya kwezinto zokukhuthaza kwakho kwakungu-1781, xa Antoine Court de Gebelin, umfundisi weProtestant weFrentshi kunye nomntu ohloniphekileyo weFreemason, wabhala iessayi elithile kwiwork yakhe eminye imisebenzi yakhe. . Court de Gebelin wathi i-tarot ayikho njengezinto zokudlala iikhoeni kodwa yinto ehleliyo njengefragile yencwadi yaseThebes, incwadi edingekayo yaseEjipti elawulwa yinkcubeko yezwi lwenkosi yezwi. Ngokweemfihlo yakhe, i-tarot yabhaliswa ekuhutshwa kweEjipti ngabantu baseRoma kwaye yahlala njengezinto zokudlala iikhoeni ngeminyaka emininzi.

Abahlozi abamanyeneyo abasebenzisa amathuba anokubhekiseka kwakho kwakungu-1781, xa Antoine Court de Gebelin, umfundisi weProtestant weFrentshi kunye nomntu ohloniphekileyo weFreemason, wabhala iessayi elithile kwiwork yakhe eminye imisebenzi yakhe. Abahlozi abamanyeneyo abakho kwakungu-1781, xa Antoine Court de Gebelin, umfundisi weProtestant weFrentshi kunye nomntu ohloniphekileyo weFreemason, wabhala iessayi elithile kwiwork yakhe eminye imisebenzi yakhe.

Ngokulandelela iCourt de Gebelin, othuliweyo wezinto ezimhlophe eFulansi, owayengu Jean-Baptiste Alliette, esebenza ngokusetyenziswa kwakhe i-psuedonym Etteilla, wayengumntu wokuqala wokukhuthaza ikhadi le-tarot elalungelwe ukufundisa, hayi ukudlala. Ekuphulwekweni kwakhe kwakho e1780s kunye ne1790s, iikhedi ze-Etteilla ziqhelanisa i-Major Arcana, zabelana iinkonzo ezithile zokufundisa ngezihloko ngalunye, kunye nezixhobo zokufundisa iikhedi ezishushumbiswe (eziphantsi) njengezihloko ezibonakalayo ezinokuba neenkunzi ezahlukileyo. Etteilla wabhala nokuqulatha kwakhe okokuqala kokufundisa tarot, yenze iinkonzo ezinokuba nezinto ezithile ezikhuthaza abafundisi abasebenzisa ngoku.

Eminyaka ye-19, othuliweyo wezinto ezimhlophe eFulansi, uEliphas Levi, wayengumntu wokuthuthukisa indawo yotarot eNtshonalanga ekuzo kubonakalisa kwakho kwi-Western esotericism ngokuxhanya nge-Kabbalah, inkolo yezinto ezimhlophe eJudaic. Levi wayengumntu wokudibanisa i-22 zihloko ze-Major Arcana ne-22 ezinye ze-Hebrew alphabet, yenze inkqubo yezinto ezimbolo ezithile ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo ezithileyo.

Iinzuzo ziquka kwi-1888, iHermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, iqela lezinto ezimhlophe eBhayibhile elalungelwe ngokusebenza kwakho ekuqalekiseni. I-Golden Dawn yathatha abantu abaningi ababhali abakhuthaza kunye nezinto ezingafaniyo kwi-Victorian era, kubandakanya uWilliam Butler Yeats, uBram Stoker, kunye, okubalulekileyo kwi-tarot, uArthur Edward Waite kunye noAleister Crowley.

I-Golden Dawn yalungisa inkqubo yonke ye-tarot ezixhaphaza ngani ngani ngani ngani ngani ngani ngani ngani. Le nkqubo yokuqhuba i-tarot ekuqalekiseni kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho kwakho. Abantu abasebenzisa i-Golden Dawn bayisebenzisa i-tarot kakhulu kwiinkonzo zazo ezimagical, kunye nendlela yokuqonda i-tarot yokuqala yokuqala yokuqala.

Eminyaka ye-1909, uArthur Edward Waite, umntu oqeqeshelwe e-Golden Dawn, wayengumntu wokuthatha uPamela Colman Smith, umfundi wezithombe eBhayibhile, ukukhuthaza ikhadi elitsha le-tarot elalungelwe ukubona kwakhe. Iziphumo zayizinto ezilandelayo: iRider-Waite-Smith deck (elithiwa ngokwaWaite, uSmith, kunye noMququdi uWilliam Rider kunye noSon), yayingakuphela i-tarot ngokuphelele.

Yintoni eyenziwa ngumthombo wokukhuthaza kwi-deck ye-Rider-Waite-Smith yile ndlela eyayithathe uPamela Colman Smith, eya ngokusekelwe ngokusekelwe nguWaite, ukwazi ukwenza izithombe ezimbalwa zokubonisa zonke iikhad kwe-deck, kuquka i-Minor Arcana. Deck ezadala ngaphambili zasebenzise izinto ezimelweyo kuphela ezinikezela iikhad ezinambathelweyo ze-Minor Arcana, zibonisa, umzekelo, amakhaphetshu amahlanu ekuphantsi kwezantsi ngaphandle kokuba kube nantso izithombe ezinikeza isenzo. Izithombe zika-Smith zikwazi ukunikeza isithombe esinolwazi lwekhad: i-Five of Cups ibonisa isithili esilawulayo esililayo ngaphezu kwezintathu zeekhaphetshu ezilungileyo, nto leyo eyakunika ukuva ngokulilwa, ukukhathazeka, kunye neemihlomulo ezingakhethwa.

Le ndlela yokuqala yenza i-tarot ngokukhuthaza kwaye ikwazi ukuqwalaselwa ngokulula. Umfundi akufuneki ukuyazi imiba ezingaziwayo kwiikhad ezimelweyo; wayengafumana ukuva ngokubheka kwisithombe kwaye akwazi ukuthatha ukuva kwakho kwisithombe. Ezithombeni zika-Smith, eziphantswe ngu-Art Nouveau, ukuhlalutya kwakho, kunye nendlela yokuphatha ebephantswe ngokukhuthaza kwaye ezinye izinto ezinobunzima. Nangona ebesayithola imali eninzi ngexesha lakhe, uPamela Colman Smith ungeniswa ngoku njengomntu omkhulu kwimvelaphi ye-tarot.

I-deck ye-Rider-Waite-Smith yaba yinto eyenziwa ngayo zonke i-deck ze-tarot zibhekiswe kuyo. Izithombe zayo zibasele isiseko sokuphendula i-tarot, iibhuku ze-tarot, kunye nezinto ezininzi ze-deck ezizayo. Xa abantu bengabona “ikhad ye-tarot,” bayakhetha ukuhlaba i-deck ye-Rider-Waite-Smith. Ukukhangela zonke iikhad kweli thondo, bona .

Ngexesha elide le-deck ye-Rider-Waite-Smith iyakha izwe ngokupheleleyo, omnye umntu owayengumntu we-Golden Dawn wawukhuthaza indlela yakhe eyayingundoqo kwi-tarot. uAleister Crowley, omnye wabantu ababekho kwezokholo kunye nezinto ezinobunzima kwi-20th ngu-20, wancedisana nomfazi wezithombe uLady Frieda Harris ukwazi ukwenza i-Thoth Tarot phakathi kweminyaka ka-1938 kunye ka-1943. I-deck ayikwazi ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kweminyaka ka-1969, emva kokuba uCrowley kunye noHarris beswele.

I-deck ye-Thoth yenza indlela eyahlukileyo kwi-tarot kunye ne-Rider-Waite-Smith. UWaite wayifuna ukwazi ukuqwalaselwa kwaye ukuhlalutya kwisithombe, uCrowley wenza i-deck enobunzima obunobunzima kwi-Kabbalistic, astrological, kunye ne-alchemical symbolism eyakunika ukuphendula okukhuthaza kwaye inokukhuthaza abaqeqeshi. Ezithombeni zikaHarris zibonakala zingundoqo kwaye zineenjini, zisebenzisa iifom yezithoba, iimeko ezibonakalayo, kunye nezithombe ezingundoqo zokubonisa uhlobo lwe-energetic lwekhad.

Crowley wenza izinguqulelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kwi-structure yotarothi eyadlulayo. Wabiza ngokutsha izicelo ezininzi ze-Major Arcana: uJustice waba uAdjustment, uStrength waba uLust, uTemperance waba uArt, kwaye uJudgement waba uThe Aeon. Wabuye waphinda amaphelo wabuyela ezinye izicelo ze-Major Arcana. IziCourt Cards zibizwa ngokutsha: uKnight, uQueen, uPrince, kunye noPrincess zibuyela kwi-King, uQueen, uKnight, kunye noPage eyadlulayo.

Idecki ye-Thoth iyakha yahlala yinkqubo yesibonakaliso ye-tarothi eyadlulayo kwezizwe, emva kwe-Rider-Waite-Smith. Iyakhuthaza kakhulu phakathi kwabafundi abanomdla omtsha kwi-Western esotericism, uKabbalah, kunye nezoqoqosho zokhuseleko. Iinkqubo zokwazi ngokwezodwa kunye nezakhelo zibonakalisa ngokucacileyo kakhulu kwi-design yekhadi kunye nezinye iidecki ezinkulu, yenza yinto elungileyo kubafundi abafuna ukufaka ezi nkqubo kwiinkonzo zabo.

Iinkqubo zokucinga ezahlukileyo phakathi kwe-Waite kunye ne-Crowley zibonisa ukuhlukana okwaziwayo kwi-tarothi yasekuhlaleleni: ingaba itarothi kufuneka ibe yilo ngani, yintoni eyenziwa ngokukhuthaza, okanye kufuneka ibe yisistimu esondele kwi-knowledge yezokhuseleko? Abafundi abaningi basekuhlaleleni bafumana indawo yabo phakathi kwezi nkqubo ezimbini.

Isigaba sokuqala kwesibini sase-20th century sahlangabezana ne-tarothi ekhuthaza ukuhlaziywa okukhulu. Kudingeka kwi-1970s kwaye kwakha kakhulu kwi-1990s kunye ne-2000s, itarothi yaphumelela kwi-rennaissance yezemvelo eyenziwa ngayo kwi-ocult practice, ukuya kwi-mainstream yezemvelo yokuphila kunye nezokuzinceda.

Ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zikhuthaza le rennaissance. I-New Age movement yase-1970s kunye ne-1980s yenza ukwazi okukhuthaza kwiinkonzo ezahlukileyo zokuziphatha. Abaqhagamshelane ngokutsha, njengakwa-Rachel Pollack, (ephendulweyo ngo-1980) yaba yinto eyenziwa ngayo kwi-guide eyongezelelweyo ye-tarothi, yenza izicelo zibe yilo ngani kubantu abaninzi. Pollack wayibona itarothi njenge tool yokuphucula isiqhelo, ephendula kwi-psychological self-exploration, ephendula kwi-Jungian psychology kunye nezoqoqosho zokhuseleko zokufumana izicelo ezikhuthaza abafundi abahlala ekuhlaleleni.

(1984), yahambisa ngokutsha ukukhuthaza kwi-emphasis ekhuthaza ukukhuthaza kwi-personal development. uGreer wenza ukuqala kwi-techniques ezihluthaza abafundi ukuba baphendulele izicelo ngezinkqubo zokubhala, ukukhumbula, kunye nezoqoqosho zokudala, kunye nezicelo ezinye ezibonakalisa ngokukhuthaza abantu abaninzi ukuba basebenzise itarothi njenge tool yokuphucula isiqhelo ngaphandle kokufuna ukuphendula kwi-ocult training.

Ukukhula kwezinto ezingaziqhayiweyo zokupapashwa kwakho kwezandla kwezincwadi zokupapashwa kwezandla kwezincwadi zibe yinto eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula eyahlulahlula. Nangona iRider-Waite-Smith neThoth izandla zihluleka kakhulu kwiminyaka yonke ye-20th, i-21st iminyaka ihluleka kakhulu kwezandla ezingaziqhayiweyo nezincwadi ezincinci zokupapashwa kwezandla. Abadizayoni abafundisa ngokwezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe nezizwe.

Le nkqubo yokuvulekisa ukwakha izandla zokupapashwa kwezandla zibe nengqungquthela enkulu kwinkqubo yokuphatha. Abaqhubi basebenzisa izandla zazo bangakhetha izandla ezibonisa ukhuseleko lwabo, iimpawu zokuzalwa, kunye neemfundiso zokuziphatha. Ukhuseleko olukhoyo olwalwazisa ukuba izandla zokupapashwa zingalawulwa ngokwezizwe ezilimaziyo zezizwe zezizwe zezizwe zezizwe zezizwe. .

I-intanethi kunye nezoqoqosho ezihlaziyayo zihambisa ukupapashwa kwezandla ngokuya kuba ngcono kunalo lonke ixesha elide kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu. Iiplatifomu zokufunda ngokupapashwa kwakho kwezandla, i-aphi zokusetyenziswa, iinkqubo zokuxhumana ngokuxhumana, kunye nezixhobo zokufunda ezifumaneka kwi-intanethi ziveza ezininzi izinto ezingafuniselwa ngokukhuthaza ukuba izandla zokupapashwa zibonwe njengoko zibonwa ngokukhuthaza.

Iinkqubo zokuxhumana ngokuxhumana zithatha indima eninzi kwisithuba sokukhula kwezandla zokupapashwa. Abaqhubi, abafundisi, kunye nabantu abathanda izandla zokupapashwa zibonisa iinkqubo ezinkulu apho abantu abamalungu abaninzi ababhala ngazo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo, bathathe iingxelo.

Iinkqubo zokufunda ngokupapashwa kwakho kwezandla ezihlaziyayo zihambisa inkqubo yokuphatha ngokubanzi. Iinkqubo zokufunda ngokupapashwa kwakho kwezandla ezihlaziyayo kunye ne-aphi zokusetyenziswa zivumela umntu ngamnye ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi ukwazi.

Abanye abantu abathanda izinto ezintsha ababuzwa ukuba izinto ezihlaziyayo zingakwazi ukunikezela nengqondo kunye nezinto ezithile ezithile. Le nkqubo iyimfuneko, kodwa inkqubo yezinto ezithile iyimfuneko. Kodwa inkqubo yezinto ezithile iyimfuneko. Kodwa inkqubo yezinto ezithile iyimfuneko.

Ukukhula kwezintelligent artificial kwenze ukwandisa iqondo elinye kwisimo senkolo yotarothi edijithalini. Iziphatho zokufunda ezilawulwa yinkqubo yentelligent artificial zingakhi ngokukhethekileyo kwiziphumo ezithathwa ngokusebenzisa iqoqo lezintlobo zekhadi ezithunyelwe, izikhundla azithathela kwisprede, kunye nebufuzo elibuzo. Nangona eziziphatho azikwazi ukondla ubunzima kunye neentlobo zokufunda kwisazisi esenziwa yomntu oqeqeshelweyo, zibonakalisa inkqubo entsha eyamkelekileyo yokufunda kunye nokusebenzisa njalo.

Njengoko utarothi uhambe ngokukhula kwisimo esandleni sedijithali, isiseko sayo siphila ngokufanayo. Ukuba ufunda ngekhadi elenziwe ngomkhulu we-Visconti-Sforza, ikhadi le-Rider-Waite-Smith elihambelana ngasekhitshini lakho, okanye isixhobo esihambelana online, inkqubo esisiseko iyafanayo: ukubandakanya kwisistimu esisombululo esinobunzima ukuze ufumane ulwazi, ukucacisa, kunye nekuqonda okungcono kwakho okanye izinto ezisebenza ekhaya lakho. Imveliso iyahluka, kodwa ulwazi luyaphila.